The Nullification Crisis and Its Effects on the United States

The Nullification Crisis, which transpired under Andrew Jackson’s administration created a controversy not only during its time, but also in the years to follow and ultimately was one of the many causes of the Civil War years later. The Nullification crisis soon developed in the early 1830’s when the state of South Carolina began to have issues with the protective tariff (which was designed to protect the industry in the northern United States by taxing imports). At this point in history, many of the leaders of South Carolina were under the idea that a state did not have to follow a federal law and could â€Å"nullify† the law. This was a result that many colonists from South Carolina felt that the protective tax was benefiting the†¦show more content†¦One of the more powerful men in advocating of the south was John C. Calhoun, who was an experienced politician at the time. Many believe that Calhouns ideas were the precursor to the session crisis that ul timately triggered the Civil War around 30 years later. Although a solution was established to resolve the tension between the North and the South, the issue resurfaced over the issue of slavery a few years later due to the South once again becoming angered at certain actions of the President. In conclusion, the Nullification Crisis contributed to the Civil War for many different reasons. For one, President Jackson’s main goal was to preserve the Union and avoid war at any cost. However, the Nullification Crisis created tension between the North and the South, which would later boil over to the point of war. Furthermore, the North was a manufacturing community, as well as being significantly larger than the South. The South was an agricultural society, meaning that they were dependent on the North for manufactured goods. Tensions rose between the North and South because the North was not only benefiting from the protective tariff, but they were making money from the Southâ₠¬â„¢s need for manufactured goods for farming. In the end, the protective tariff showed that if the North could inflict a tariff on the South, then the North (have a significantly larger population) could end slavery (which was the South’s main form of wealth). Due toShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Nullification Crisis1585 Words   |  7 PagesFebruary 22, 2013 The Nullification Crisis The Nullification Crisis was a revolt by the citizens against Andrew Jackson and the Union, whereby they sought liberty and the state of being free, including various social, political, and economic privileges. This attempt to revolt against Jackson failed, and their seceding from the country was not granted. In these efforts to secede, they sought liberty and worked together as a state to gain what they believed to be free and include various privilegesRead MoreSouth Carolina Nullification794 Words   |  4 Pages Adv. U.S. History South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, November 24, 1832 Throughout the great American history, Americans have been through a colossal amount of conflicts, and wars. However, they still figured out a way to compromise and accept each other’s differences. As America improves, they gradually lead to a making of a powerful and organized government. Yet in â€Å"South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification† a conflict arises, where South Carolina is furious at theRead MoreThe Nullifying Crisis : The Causes Of The Nullification Crisis1552 Words   |  7 Pages The Nullification Crisis of 1832 is one of the crises that would eventually lead to the Civil War. Following the suffering of an economic downturn throughout the 1820s, the United States government passed several new tariffs. When the Tariff of 1828 was passed by the Congress of the United States on May 19, 1828, it sparked the debate over states’ rights and highlighted the growing sectional difference between the South and the North in America. That Tariff of 1828 raised taxes on imported manufacturedRead MoreThe Age Of Jackson s Political History1074 Words   |  5 Pagesrelations with Indians, the issue of state and federal rights and also established a political rivalry. The Age of Jackson occurred during the time period from 1829 to 1837. During this time period, the United Stated of America was under the presidential term of Andrew Jackson. Ever since Andrew Jackson’s election, there was a complete transformation in the political history of the United States. Before Andrew Jackson, who in which was the 7th president of the United States, there had only been presidentsRead MoreEssay on Cause of the American Civil War1732 Words   |  7 Pagesanswer is an all of the above approach. The cause of the war that divided the nation cannot be narrowly defined into a single issue but each cause is affected and tied together. The main causes that resulted in the Civil War were the issue of nullification, tariffs, but most importantly just an overall difference in their ways of life. Yes, slavery was a cause of the war, but that was not one of the central causes that popular belief has engrained in us all, however, the role that slavery had willRead MoreJury Nullification Essay1746 Words   |  7 PagesJury nullification is when a jury acquits a defendant who it believes is guilty of the crime he is charged (Hickey, 2010. p. 370). This is because the jury chose to ignore the facts of the case and the judge instructions, and based his or her decision on personal opinion. If we are going to allow jury nullification we may as well not take up the tax-payer’s money to even take it to trial. Nullification – The act of making a law null and void (nullifying). For example, during prohibition, many juriesRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The United States Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesHouse selected John Quincy Adams over Andrew Jackson even though Jackson had received much more votes in the regular election; widely believed that Speaker of the House Henry Clay convinced Congress to elect Adams who then made Clay his Secretary of State. Denmark Vesey originally Telemaque; African American slave brought to the US from the Caribbean; After purchasing his freedom he planned what would have been one of the largest slave rebellions in the US; Word of his plans got out and at CharlestonRead MoreAndrew Jackson s Views On The Election Of 18241483 Words   |  6 PagesClay threw his support behind Adams since he had led some of the strongest attacks against Jackson. Rather than the nation’s presidency go to a man he abhorred, Clay secured the White House for Adams. In return Adams named Clay as his secretary of state. This arrangement was quickly attacked by supporters of Jackson who claimed that Adams had made a â€Å"corrupt bargain† with Clay to win. To Jacksonians the Adams-Clay alliance symbolized a corrupt system where elite insiders pursued their own interestsRead MoreBreak down of compromise between 1820 and 1860 leading to the civil war1471 Words   |  6 Pagesrecognize social patterns. Among events that have aff ected the United States, immigrations, wars and political dispute are three of the chief categories that most directly affect the state of the nation as well as each other. The war class has been easily liked to both political and social changes in the domestic atmosphere and is therefore subject to analysis of the varying origins and causes. And no other war has affected the United States like the Civil War due to the sheer number of deaths and theRead MoreChapter 10 Review Quest825 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing international presence? -The Monroe Doctrine was created on December 2nd, 1823 which proclaimed European powers would no longer interfere or colonize with affairs within the Americas. It limited the power for the European culture. Also, the United States decided to stay neutral with the Europeans and their colonies. The three main concepts consisted of separate spheres of influence for the Americas and Europe, non-colonization, and non-intervention. 2. How did Andrew Jackson represent the major

Suicide Among Adolescents And College Students - 1649 Words

Suicide among adolescents and college students has become a major problem in the United States. In the last few years there has been a steady increase in the number of suicides on college campuses in the United States. In the United States suicide is the third leading cause of death among persons aged 15-24 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). A study conducted by the University of Virginia suggests that more college students die as a result of suicide than alcohol abuse (Turner Keller, 2011). It has been reported by researchers are Emory University that suicide rates among 15-24 year olds has tripled, and there are over 1,100 suicides at colleges per year. Mental health problems among adolescents and young adults are nothing new, and there are many psychological conditions, such as schizophrenia, that usually develop during the late teens and early twenties. College students are under a lot of pressure and stress to do well in school. Pressure from parents, co urse workload, working, and being a student athlete leave many students feeling helpless. There are some who may seek help and find counselors, friends or family to confide in, but there are some who are afraid to speak up and that can lead to dangerous results. There are some concerning and troubling statistics that I have found on this specific topic. The first one being that nearly half of these students never reported their suicide attempts to police, parents, friends or a counselor.Show MoreRelatedThe Most Common Death For Adolescents1530 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many causes for an adolescent to die. The most common death for adolescents is suicide. Parents are not aware of how to tell if their adolescent is suicidal or how to condone it. In today s society there are so many ways to help them with their suicidal thoughts. Adolescents should not feel alone with their thoughts, there are forms of help deal with their thoughts. What Causes Suicide There are a variety of situations that can cause an adolescent to become suicidal. Bullying orRead MoreEffects Of Depression Among College Campuses Essay1500 Words   |  6 PagesDrug use among adolescents has been a problem in the United States for numerous years. The age frame of adolescents can bring many changes in a teenager’s life. Many life-altering events can take place during this time of one’s life and affect the person either positively or negatively. Depression can occur when adolescents are transitioning into young adult years. Moving away to college, schoolwork load, and maintaining a social life are all big parts of this time frame in life. Many cognitive problemsRead More Teenage Suicide Essay1404 Words   |  6 PagesTeenage Suicide Each day 86 Americans take their own lives and another 1,500 attempts to do so. Even more disturbing is that suicide among a young people nation wide have increased dramatically in recent years. In fact thousands of teenagers each year commit suicide. It is the third leading cause of death among young adults aged 15-24. With the first two leading causes being unintentional injury and homicide. There are many reasons why teenagers feel the need to take their own life. They are atRead MoreHigh Levels Of Stress Among Teens1251 Words   |  6 Pagesdata collected by the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), suicide is the leading cause of all deaths (18.4%) following accidental injuries for American adolescents (Heron). To visualize this information, imagine walking through a grave yard for adolescents and knowing every ten steps walked you passed, on average, two people who committed suicide. But the question still stands: why? The answer lies in the fact adolescents are expe riencing high levels of stress due to high school and the associatedRead MoreEssay Teenage Suicide1191 Words   |  5 Pages Teenage suicide has become a critical, national problem the extent of which is mind boggling. From 1980 to 1992 the rate of suicides involving persons from the ages of 10-14 years old has increased by 120 percent, and has increased 28.3 percent when involving persons from the ages of 15-19 years old (Suicide 451). More recently in a poll of 3,210 high-school honor students, a stunning one-quarter have seriously considered suicide (Eaton 15). Suicides have been proven to be one of the leading causesRead MoreKnopf Continued Writing Concerning Suicide In Regards To1172 Words   |  5 Pagesconcerning suicide in regards to adolescents in an article entitled â€Å"How Self-Injury can lead to Suicidality in Teens: Under Study.† Her article focused on the relationship between self-injury and suicide. She stated, â€Å"While NSSI [nonsuicidal self-injury] a nd suicide are distinct behaviors, they frequently co-occur, so it’s important to look at factors that might contribute to the transition from NSSI to suicide.† The studies that she focused on were with non-ideators, that is, adolescents with noRead MoreLGBT Hate Crimes and Suicidality Among a Population-Bases Sample of Sexual-Minority Adolescents in Boston1365 Words   |  6 PagesLesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Hate Crimes and Suicidality Among a Population-Based Sample of Sexual-Minority Adolescents in Boston Until 1973, the American Psychiatric Association regarded the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) community as consisting of sociopathic individuals with personality disorders. Today, the stigma has lifted off of these individuals and relationships among the LGBTs are no longer crimes in the US and many other countries; however, select individualsRead More The Ethical Use of the Life Attitude Schedule1731 Words   |  7 Pages One of the leading causes of deaths in adolescents and young adults is suicide. The leading cause of death is accidents. Many that do not commit suicde have had at least thoughts about it. The Life Attitude Schedule was developed to assess the activities of adolescents and young adults. The tool divides both positive and negative factors in one’s life. The clinical studies identified students that were in the study that were at least. The instrument showed great promise but needed toRead MoreSuicide Is Reaching Epidemic Proportions Al l Across The Globe970 Words   |  4 PagesSuicide is reaching epidemic proportions all across the globe. What is causing such an outbreak in young adults? Most people have heard about the get help hotlines and the advertisements associated with suicide. Although we ve all heard about it, not much is being done about it. Johnson states the facts about suicide, â€Å"claiming 39,518 lives in 2011, or more than 6,889 more than in 2005† (10). This small piece of information goes to show just how much suicide has increased in the last few years.Read MoreMental Illness And Its Effects On Academic Performance916 Words   |  4 Pages(United States Public Health Service qtd. in Shirk and Jungbluth 222). Because of the risk of suicide in mentally ill young people, it is crucial that mental health services are readily available to our youth in school settings. Therefore, schools should administer mandatory mental health screenings because mental illness often affects academic perfor mance, and the majority of young persons that commit suicide have a treatable illness. Frequently, mental illness affects many areas of a sufferer’s life

Human Resource Planning Workforce Analysis

Question: Discuss about theHuman Resource Planning for Workforce Analysis. Answer: Introduction Human resource planning is the formulation of ways that can make it possible for an organization to achieve its set goals while optimizing the use of assets at the same time (Mathis Jackson, 2010). The primary goal of human resource planning is to strike a balance between the available jobs and available human resources to eliminate shortage or excess of the workforce. A good human resource plan would ensure that an organization achieves its set targets (Rothwell Kazanas, 2003). Workforce Analysis Sunnyside hospital offers acute care services. The hospital has employed highly skilled professionals to provide medical services to the patients. Despite the quality of services available to the patients, it is interesting that they dont pay for the services. The following are some of the professionals who ensure that the hospital can undertake its mandate in the community: Unit Clerk- the Clerk is the receptionist at the hospital. She also offers clerical support and information to the nursing units are various hospitals Executives: These are senior managers who carry out supervisory work at the hospital. The Sunnyside hospital projects that they would recruit four executives between 2014 and 2019. The executives direct other junior nursing managers. There is also a section of the staff who are enclosed in a room and are I charge sterilization of surgical equipment. Licensed nurses: These are nurses who are more educated than the ordinary nurses. There is no vacancy in this position at the moment. However, it is projected that the hospital management would recruit 250 licensed nurses between the year 2014 and 2019. Physiotherapists: These are specialized people who are responsible for the rehabilitation of physical injuries among patients. The hospital has ten permanent vacancies of physiotherapists. The recruitment projection for the position between 2014 and 2019 is 20. Pharmacist: This is an individual who assigns medicines to patients. The pharmacist also administers drugs and other vaccines to patients. Finally, these specialists are in charge of the running of the hospital pharmacy. The hospital has a permanent vacancy of 8 pharmacists. It is projected that10 pharmacists would be recruited between 2014 and 2019. Registered care aide: This is a less trained professional who offers some services in hospitals. This group of people is trained in less than one year and offer services such as changing of patients bed linens, feeding of the [patients and taking care of the patients on daily occasions. Registered Nurse: This is a degree graduate nurse who has been trained in the handling of more complex duties within the hospital setting. These nurses always record for further studies, after which they specialize in emergency, pediatrics, operation room and ICU. There is an inadequate number of nurses at the hospital. At the moment, there are 100 vacancies. It is also projected that Sunnyside hospital would recruit 1300 registered nurses between the year 2014 and 2019. Nursing Manager: This is someone who had trained as a nurse and has administered nursing services over a long period. The nursing manager is in charge of the nursing unit and all the wards within the hospital set-up. There are two vacancies for the position at the hospital. To mitigate the concern, it is projected that the hospital would recruit an average of 80 nursing managers between 2014 and 2019. Student nurse: this is an undergraduate student in a clinical course. These students report to hospitals where they are assigned to offer nursing services. The hospitals surgeons and physicians are paid their salaries by the ministry of health of Ontario for the services that they provide to patients at Sunnyside Hospital. The hospital itself pays the rest of the medical staff their salaries. All the employees of the hospital are members of a union except the nursing managers, the nursing students, and the executive members Completion and Discussion of the Final Exam Projection Template The final exam completion template is organized in a Microsoft Excel. The template has columns that show human resource supply and those that show human resource demand. On the side of human resource supply, there are projected retirements which require payroll file and then the use of retirement calculator. There is also projected turnover. The column requires for termination of the database and multiplication of the 2013 turnover by five years. There is also a column of projected net leaves where payroll database is filtered. We also have the column of projected new recruits. This column used the command Recr Proj and Curr Vacancies. The command prompts a transfer of files to the column C. On the other side of human resource demand, there is a column of current vacancies and that of projected growth. The column of current vacancies also uses the command of Recr Proj and Curr Vacancies to transfer files to the column B. The column of projected growth, on the other hand, uses growth plans to interpret numbers so that they can fit into the column in the job order. The final exam template is then capable of producing the net gains as well as the net losses. Recommendations It is necessary for a hospital to make projections which are attainable. There are some occupations at Sunnyside hospital where there are no vacancies at all. However, the allocated recruitment projections for the positions are in excess. The hospital management must factor in the availability of financial resources during the recruitment processes. Recruitment of excess human resource would mean that the hospital would cut on some essential budgets to pay salaries. Issues of excessive or inadequate human resource should be avoided at all cost. References Armstrong, M. (2006). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Bhattacharyya, D. K. (2009). Human Resource Planning. Excel Books India,. Deb, T. (2006). Strategic Approach to Human Resource Management. Atlantic Publishers Dist,. Mathis, R. L., Jackson, J. H. (2010). Human Resource Management. Cengage Learning,. Price, K. (2013). Bottom Line Results from Strategic Human Resource Planning. Springer Science Business Media. Reddy, M. S. (2005). Human Resource Planning. Discovery Publishing House,. Rothwell, W. J., Kazanas, H. C. (2003). Planning and Managing Human Resources: Strategic Planning for Human Resources Managemen. Human Resource Development,. Turner, P. (2012). HR Forecasting and Planning. CIPD Publishing,.

What is genetic engineering an Example of the Topic Science and Technology Essays by

What is genetic engineering? Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology or rDNA technology) is the deliberate, controlled manipulation of the genes in an organism with the intent of making that organism better in some way. This is usually done independently of the natural reproductive process. The result is a so-called genetically modified organism (GMO). To date, most of the effort in genetic engineering has been focused on agriculture. Genetic engineering has numerous benefits, including the production of food-bearing plants that are resistant to extreme weather and adverse climates, insect infestations, disease, molds, and fungi. A major motivation is the hope of producing abundant food at low cost to reduce world hunger, both directly (by consuming GMOs to human beings) and indirectly (by feeding GMOs to livestock and fish, which can in turn become food to humans. GMO s are being widely used for producing recombinant proteins for human and animal therapeutic uses. Need essay sample on "What is genetic engineering?" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Genetic modification is basically carried out by manipulating the genetic material, DNA of the organism or cell. In all organism proteins are coded by genes which are segments of DNA. There are certain enzymes which can specifically cut the DNA sequences at specific sites. These are called restriction enzymes. Using restriction enzymes, a target site of the recipient DNA is cleaved and a new set of sequence of DNA ( gene of interest)can be introduced to this cleaved site and ligated. The enzymes which join the DNA fragments are generally termed as ligases. The new chimeric DNA can be propagated and can be expressed in cell lines or bacteria to produce the gene of interest which had been introduced into that recipient DNA. Usually plasmid DNA vectors are used to clone gene of interest into it and then amplified in a bacteria in large quantities. Later these chimeric plasmids are transfected (mammalian cells) or transformed (bacteria) to yield the protein from the gene of interest in l arge quantities. Genetic engineering carries potential dangers, such as the creation of new allergens and toxins, the evolution of new weeds and other noxious vegetation, harm to wildlife, and the creation of environments favorable to the proliferation of molds and fungi. Evolution of new disease organisms and increased antibiotic resistance could result from the use of GMOs in the food chain. Reference: Molecular Biology of the Cell: Bruce. Alberts, Dennis Bray, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts 1989 Molecular Cell Biology. 4th ed. Lodish, Harvey; Berk, Arnold; Zipursky, S. Lawrence; Matsudaira, Paul; Baltimore, David; Darnell, James E. New York: W. H. Freeman c2000.

Role Model free essay sample

Role models are people who inspire others with their superior qualities and their commitment for a good cause. Here are some main characteristics of a role model. We will write a custom essay sample on Role Model or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Parents often tell their children about looking up to people who set good examples in their lives. Such people often end up being role models for youngsters or even adults and their habits are often emulated. Positive people can have a positive effect on the lives of others. These role models are often leaders with an optimistic approach towards life. Well, role models need not always be people from around the world but often; parents can also prove to be excellent role models for their children by helping them to imbibe good values in life. Here, we shall read about some of the main characteristics of a role model require to inspire people to follow their way. Humility is one of the characteristics you would need to look out for in a role model. Often, pop stars or even movie stars tend to influence the life of youngsters. Well, these are not exactly considered to be role models considering their behavior may not always inspire children to inculcate good habits. Humility in a person is extremely important as it shows the ability to be humble despite great achievements in life. A perfect role model would be one who respects others no matter his/her social status. Respect towards people would earn respect in return. The person who listens to others without being dictating in his/her approach would have all the factors to be successful in life. This may seem a very minute characteristic but it can surely make a major positive difference in life. An intelligent person can be noticed in the mannerisms and how a person handles issues on a daily basis. One of the characteristics of a role model is his/her level of intelligence. Intelligence is something that cannot be measured merely by grades but how the person uses his/her intelligence to succeed in life and help others in return. Good habits help to make a person better in life. Your role model should be having exemplary habits that should inspire you to improve yourself in life. Impeccable manners and kindness towards people are some characteristics that should be present in the role model you probably look up to. Commitment to a good cause is so very important in our lives. There are many people who have dedicated their lives to others. There are people who have overcome all adversities in life and have excelled despite all the odds. These people have not only gone ahead in life but have helped others to improve their condition of life as well. A role model should therefore be a complete inspiration for others in terms of his/her work towards the society. Role models should always have a sense of integrity with strong values. A positive minded person who is loaded with enthusiasm can surely prove to be the best role model one can have in life! Examples of people who have always been role models Mother Teresa Helen Keller Mahatma Gandhi Florence Nightingale Harriet Tubman Albert Einstein Bill Gates Role Model free essay sample Dr King is my role model because he fought to change my history. Dr King didn’t only want to see a change happen for his self and others but also for his family. He had a wife Coretta and four children; these were the people who he wanted to see change happen for the most. After King’s death is family wanted to keep his legacy alive because they knew he stood for a good cause. According to the article A king family tribute â€Å"Family and friends remember Dr. King as a role model and dedicate themselves to his mission. Watkins, Dr. Kings niece, has assembled their writings and excerpts from their speeches. All pay tribute to his spirit, abiding faith and dedication to the cause of civil rights, and they affirm their own commitment to following the path he walked, as his nephew, Derek B. King, states. Kings fathers remarks are excerpted from his autobiography. We will write a custom essay sample on Role Model or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Dr King is my personal role model because is stood for what he believed in. Dr king helped shape my worldview because through his hard work he’s shown me that nothing worth fighting for comes easy. I think a lot of people look over the fact that Dr King wasn’t just trying to change the race problem it stood of many different social issues. In the article Martin Luther King Jr conception of freedom and radical democracy the author states that â€Å"king came to believe that the civil rights struggle needed to expand beyond just racial desegregation in this country, He began to raise his voice against racism militarism, and economic exploitation around the world†. This is another reason why I look up to him because he didn’t only focus on one hing that needed to be changed so saw the importance of these issues and wanted to change them. Dr. king had a career as a pastor which is why I feel he never gave up believing in what he thought was right. The article Martin Luther King cover story gives background on his life â€Å"King was a preacher who spoke in biblical cadences ideally suited to leading a stride toward freedom that found its inspiration in the Old Testament story of the Israelites and the New Testament gospel of Jesus Christ. Being a minister not only put King in touch with the spirit of the black masses but also gave him a base within the black church, then and now the strongest and most independent of black institutions†. Like Dr King I believe that everyone should have the right to freedom and equal rights ; However, I don’t know if I could have endured the things that Dr king had to. Once Dr King was thrown in jail because of his protest, I think if I knew I could go to jail because I was protesting I wouldn’t protest. On the other Dr King who have pathed the way for me to be able to use my freedom of speech. I would want to be brave and stand for what I believe in for myself and my family just as King did. Reference MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. A King Family Tribute. (2012). Kirkus Reviews, 80(24), 222. Orosco, J. M. (2001). Martin Luther King, Jr. ’s Conception of Freedom and Radical Democracy. Journal Of Social Philosophy, 32(4), 386-401. White, J. E. (1998). Martin Luther King. (Cover story). Time, 151(14), 160.

Non Traditional Security Threats Facing Developing States Politics Essay Essays

Non Traditional Security Threats Facing Developing States Politics Essay Essays Non Traditional Security Threats Facing Developing States Politics Essay Essay Non Traditional Security Threats Facing Developing States Politics Essay Essay Since the terrorist onslaughts on September 11, 2001, non-traditional security ( NTS ) issues have become progressively common in about all parts of society, both domestically and internationally: in the policy and the research docket of authoritiess, in non-governmental organisations ( NGOs ) , in academic circles, every bit good as in the general populace and the media. Traditionally, security has been defined in geopolitical footings and confined to relationships among nation-states, covering with issues such disincentive, the balance of power, and military scheme. However, the traditional apprehension of security has progressively been questioned in footings of how security and non-security should be explained, and by what sort of attack.[ 1 ] In recent old ages, there have been an increasing figure of NTS menaces, nationally and internationally, originating from really different Fieldss such as fiscal convulsion, cyberspace hacking, drug-trafficking, ecological devolution and even SARS, all of which have neer earlier in the class of human history had such serious impact on any single state or international community. What makes it worse is that authoritiess and research bureaus do non cognize how to specify these menaces, allow entirely get by with them. Even in developing states such as China, and Southeast Asia such as Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia, for case, faculty members and authorities agency are both interested and puzzled by NTS issues, and they are get downing to set more natural and human resources into covering with them.[ 2 ]Yet, they find it really hard to prioritize in work outing or easing NTS menaces given so many different demands, and the comparatively limited resources that are readily available. Definition BY EXAMPLES In China, the NTS construct has been deriving grip as many of its influential elite are discoursing these new menaces to their national security. Yet, despite frequent mention to NTS and the development of a new security construct for China based on the demand to turn to such issues, there is no formal, agreed-upon definition. Alternatively of offering a definition, most offered illustrations. All mentioned energy, the environment, bird grippe and terrorist act as non-traditional issues that are of increasing concern. There are others who include drug trafficking, buccaneering and arms of mass devastation ( WMD ) . They commented that the differentiation between traditional and non-traditional menaces lay in the agencies for deciding them, and that military agencies can non decide non-traditional issues. A Chinese Army General recognised the trouble in specifying NTS and tried to offer some lucidity. He offered the undermentioned four earmarks for National trust: ( I ) they transcend national boundaries and are therefore multinational in nature ; ( two ) they go beyond the military domain ; ( three ) they frequently are sudden and unexpected ; and ( four ) they are often interwoven with traditional security menaces. He concluded that they are menaces that more than one state faces and can non be solved by one state or by a individual agency. For illustration, it is difficult to nail where and how an infective disease starts, or when a natural catastrophe or act of panic will happen. And possibly the most baleful facet of NTS is that they are likely to happen in concurrence with or move as triggers for other crises. HUMAN SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF MAJOR CRISES Asiatic Economic Crisis The Asiatic fiscal crisis started in 1997 and acutely affected four Southeast Asiatic states that include Indonesia and Malaysia. During the worst hebdomads of January 1998, the Indonesian rupiah fell by 80 per centum and the Malayan ringgit by 40 per centum. The depreciation of these currencies placed force per unit area on Singapore, the regional Centre, to follow suit. In footings of capital flow, more than USD30 billion fled from these states in 1997 and 1998. The World Bank described the crisis as the biggest reverse for poorness decrease in the part for several decennaries. The impact on unemployment was terrible. A survey by the International Labour Organisation ( ILO ) showed that between August 1997 and December 1998, unemployment in Indonesia rose from 4.3 million to 13.7 million, and in Malaysia from 224,000 unemployed in December 1997 to 405,000 in December 1998.[ 3 ] The crisis in Indonesia toppled the Suharto government and generated intra-regional strains, particularly apparent in dealingss between Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia. The rise of Islamic political forces in Indonesia following the ruin of Suharto rekindled anxiousnesss in Singapore about the potentially harmful impact of instability in its neighbors. Singapore s leaders were worried that instability in Indonesia would hold spill-over effects. With the ruin of Suharto, a founding figure and cardinal ground tackle of Southeast Asiatic regionalism, the crisis besides cast an extra shadow over ASEAN s ( Association of Southeast Asian Nations ) hereafter. One of the major effects of the crisis was the focal point on societal and economic safety cyberspaces for the hapless. Human agonies from the crisis spurred the affected states to look once more at the province of their several societal safety cyberspaces and to reconfirm that they can so accomplish the ends for which they were formulated. Although the states managed the short-run societal branchings of the crisis more competently than was ab initio thought, reforms to formal societal security agreements remained indispensable if the aim was sustained economic growing. This was peculiarly outstanding in position of several societal factors typically built-in to economic growing and modernization.[ 4 ] On the other manus, though non straight effected with the economic crisis, China is in a critical occasion when two passages coincide 1 is the taking off of modernization, and the other is the passage from planned economic system to market economic system. Both are inundated with contradictions and extremely vulnerable to the eruption of struggles. The two passages being so intertwined farther enlarge the urban-countryside disparity, regional disparity, wealth disparity, and cultural disparity, which will arouse convulsion if treated unskilfully.[ 5 ]But the status internal to China that causes the most concern is the broad disparities that exist within its society between the rich and the hapless, urban and rural. The crisis took topographic point due to four chief factors: ( I ) the planetary economic system had caused an unprecedentedly big rush in private capital flows in the 1990s, particularly short-run flows due to most developing states low debt ratios, rapid growing and stable exchange rates ; ( two ) macroeconomic policies in most underdeveloped states took advantage of this roar to ease big influxs of short-run foreign currency-denominated capital, fuelling a domestic recognition roar and even more rapid growing ; ( three ) many states had liberalised their domestic fiscal sectors, but without sufficient ordinance, and domestic Bankss supplied inexpensive capital to already extremely leveraged corporations that took on easy available recognition ; and eventually ( four ) political relations, at first stable, introduced new hazards that culminated in of import alterations at exactly the clip when internal fiscal exposures were going worrisome. One of the major impacts of the crisis was the diminution of the province of societal safety cyberspaces where there was an disconnected and crisp autumn in life criterions due to unemployment, disablement and retirement. Another major impact, in Indonesia the crisis toppled the Suharto government and generated intra-regional strains. The rise of Islamic political forces following his ruin rekindled anxiousnesss in the part. In confronting those challenges, the affected states had reviewed several of their policies to reconstruct their credibleness. This was based on the determination that several policy spheres affect the net external liability place of a state and its leaning toward crises. Therefore, among the policies reviewed were several inter-related macro-economic policies foreign exchange militias, financial and pecuniary policy, exchange rate policy, and policy toward capital history.[ 6 ] The SARS Outbreak The following crisis confronting these developing states was the eruption of SARS ( terrible ague respiratory syndrome ) , an untypical signifier of pneumonia with a mortality rate of around 10 per centum that first appeared in Guangdong, China in November 2002. Within a short clip, the epidemic had a more terrible impact on the regional touristry and economic system than the September 11 onslaughts. There were a sum of 8,069 instances of disease and 775 deceases, of which 350 were from mainland China. Despite taking some action to command the epidemic, China did non advise the World Health Organisation ( WHO ) of the eruption until February 2003, when the disease had spread quickly, making nearby states and so to other states via international travelers. The Chinese governments had curbed coverage of the epidemic so as to continue face and public assurance. This deficiency of openness caused the state to take the incrimination for detaining the international attempt against the epid emic. The virulency of the symptoms and the infection of hospital staff alarmed planetary wellness governments fearful of another emergent pneumonia epidemic. Local transmittal of SARS took topographic point quickly within the part taking to over 1,200 people were under quarantine in Hong Kong, 977 in Singapore and 1,147 in Taiwan. The deliberate cost of SARS in the part was around USD 50 billion, and authorities and private analysts slashed their economic growing estimations for 2003 Singapore from 3.5 % to 2 % and Malaysia from 5 % to 4 % . In Singapore, functionaries said that with the SARS crisis, air travel reachings had dropped by half compared with the old twelvemonth to 62,500 in the first hebdomad of April 2003, and retail gross revenues dropped by about 50 per centum. As Singapore s Prime Minister observed, This crisis is non merely a crisis of SARS, it is besides a crisis of fear people fear catching SARS. [ 7 ] Among regional establishments, ASEAN led the manner in reacting to the SARS eruption. An ASEAN+3 Ministers of Health Special Meeting on SARS was held in Kuala Lumpur on April 26, 2003 followed on April 29 by an exigency Particular ASEAN-China ( including Hong Kong ) Leaders Meeting in Singapore. The meetings discussed regional mechanisms to observe and react rapidly to pandemics, including installing of surveillance systems. A common scheme to battle SARS was agreed upon, seting in topographic point a series of co-ordinated steps to maintain boundary lines unfastened while guaranting that the flagellum would be contained. Apart from pressing greater apprehension of the nature of the virus and its transmittal, they pledged to put up a web to portion information on SARS and have standardised wellness declaration cards and temperature cheques for air riders. Other steps included information-sharing on SARS, contact tracing and follow-up processs. A hotline was set up among the wellness curates and their senior functionaries to ease communicating in exigencies ; while their wellness governments were in changeless contact. They besides adopted an isolate and contain scheme to guarantee that those non affected by SARS were able to go swimmingly within the part. Decision Although there are other security issues in developing states, the above issues transcend national boundary lines in footings of their effects and their solutions require international cooperation, including many-sided cooperation. During the last decennaries, NTS particularly the assorted human security issues has become a cardinal concern to many states, establishments and societal histrions seeking for advanced ways and agencies of undertaking the many non-military menaces to peace and security. Indeed, human security underlines the complex links, frequently ignored or underestimated between disarming, human rights and development. Today, in an progressively globalised universe, the most harmful menaces to human security originate from the conditions that give rise to genocide, civil war, human rights misdemeanors, planetary epidemics and environmental debasement. Therefore, states could convene an international workshop to analyze the menace to national security and world posed by complex and unexpected NTS, the experience and policy model of provinces had faced such menaces, national capablenesss for human-centered action and the sharing of best patterns and resources.

Social Media & Public Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Social Media & Public Relations - Essay Example As the Internet has transformed into a sophisticated hub for ‘netizens’ so as to the nature of online communication and exchanges of propaganda, campaigns, and information drive (Duhe, 2007).These changes are obviously referring to the significant changes in the way Facebook, Twitter, and blogs provide means of communication outlets that are not available in the early 20th century. For this research, we will focus largely on the use of Facebook in revolutionizing the conduct of public relations in recent times. The Value of Social Media to Public Relations In the past, press releases were an integral component of public relations until online news releases agencies began to appear in the 1990s, creating a halt from too much reliance on fax machines and e-mails. As the years passed, press releases continued to exist but were also modified to fit the changes in the medium used. Press releases are now exchanged at a fast pace and in the most convenient way: using embedded m ultimedia. Green (2010) calls this as a creativity aspect of public relations that is driven by the swift breakthroughs in Internet programming and online software available as open source. Being creative is part of the trend in public relations, and according to Green (2010), this is an important component in being successful in public relations. According to Grunig (2009), the age of digitalization prompts a turnaround of events in the way public relations is conducted. However, with the greatest help that social media partake to the field of public relations, it is high time to shift the way things are conducted in this kind of specialization. Grunig (2009) mentioned that there is a need to â€Å"reinstitutionalize public relations as a behavioral, strategic† field rather than being an obsolete â€Å"symbolic, interpretive† field. Social media is regarded by many public relations professionals as an effective tool in â€Å"communicating with strategic publics† (Lewis, 2010, p. 1). Lewis (2010) further stated that the use of social media in public relations is also needed in teaching even college students to contribute to the growing success of the renewed public relations in the 21st century. With the latest applications and social media sites available for product branding and advertising, it is also a must to get acquainted with the wise use of social media, which is popularly known as â€Å"media literacy† (Lewis, 2010, p. 1). Even Facebook, for instance, has been widely suggested by PR instructors for their students to utilize in order to create an online community (Sutherland, 2011). Furthermore, the study conducted by Wright and Hinson (2008, p. 1) regarding the use of social media in public relations revealed that Facebook is considered the most important social media followed by â€Å"microblogging sites Twitter, search engine marketing, YouTube, electronic forums, and podcasts.† The study that started in 2005 was conducted to measure the impact of social media and other communication technologies in public relations. The results of the study show that social media â€Å"have brought dramatic changes† to the many aspects of public relations (Wright & Hinson, 2008, p. 2). The developments in terms of the

Strategic Issue Marketing Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Strategic Issue Marketing - Term Paper Example More industries are now having a global perspective of foundries hence transformation is very easy. New models especially those in semiconductors field that have a great impact in our lives, are very crucial for one's success a field like these. Initially it has been in AMD manufacturing arm they have great assets in the leading technology and manufacturing capabilities. Foundries vision is to be a first truly world semi conductor foundry, to harness the resources of the world in order to deliver maximum value to its customers and unlock the potential for innovation. Its mission is to create a customer experience, through collaboration, exceptional service, successful innovation, and excellence in manufacturing. Major buyers and competitors It has more than 150 customers with a span of over three continents, these have created a new avenue to innovate, to drive, and develop semiconductor technology. They have state of the art manufacturing centers in United States of America, Singapo re, and Germany. The high volume and fast yield advance technologies facilitate its marketing. The footprint of this global manufacturing firm has a major support of research facilities. These have enabled the design and development of semiconductor hubs, in Asia, Europe, and United States. The companies have outsourced the paradigm of manufacturing. They are also looking forward to collaborate with other partners in the field. They are delivering a collaborative model for engaging customers. They offer a unique model of design using integrated device manufacturer. It is a model build using optimization of technology for low leakage and low yield. The major buyers for global foundries include multinational companies such as STMicroelectronics, IBM, Samsung electronics, Toshiba, and Renesas. They provide solutions to manufacture high metal gate technology. Their customers include all the largest semiconductors in the world. These companies are involved in the manufacture of technolog ical products. Major competitors It is important to note that the organization’s competitors play a significant role in determining the trend of the organization. The major competitors of global foundries include Nividia, ARM, AMD, and other international manufacturers of microchips. Major forces Bargaining power of suppliers The power of suppliers comes in because of availability and concentration of suppliers. When the suppliers’ power is high, the switching cost is also high. Threat of new Entrants There is a low entry of new entrants in the market because barriers like investment capital investment, time, and money affecting the profits. The new entrants affect the foundry industry heavily, for instance the entrance of Germany and China in the foundry industry has let to USA lose some of its business. Bargaining power of buyers Customizing of products leads to bargaining power and low switching costs. Foundry industry should be aware of customers needs since they a re the ones who determine the future prospects of the company. Almost everything in Foundry industry is a resource, VRIO analyzes its sustainability and performance. Rivalry among competitors The major rivals include Taiwan, United States of America, Germany, and Japan is committed in this growing industry and has high barriers of Exit. Availability of substitutes The availability of substitutes of the products manufactured by Foundries dents the ability of

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Philosophy - Essay Example Critical self-examination is a necessary process in the achievement of self-knowledge, wisdom and virtue – elements that are crucial in arriving at correct judgments, decisions and behavior. This strategy is akin to an inductive approach at learning the truth. An exposition of a Delphic inscription, â€Å"Know thyself,† it provided an effective and universally applicable framework by which any individual, regardless of the period, time or circumstance he or she is in, could use in a quest for truth. The process should be able to demonstrate its merits and the claim that it is very much relevant today. The first step, explained Fuller, in knowing oneself is â€Å"to perceive how superficial and ignorant and prejudiced one really was† (62). The argument is that wisdom and the ability of discernment can only result as a consequence of an individual’s capacity to understand his surroundings. He or she will never be able to do so if he does not understand himse lf. For example, failure to identify bias taints ones ability to make objective and just decisions and correct choices. He can never claim righteousness or self-knowledge if he did not pass through the stage of humble realization and recognition of his ignorance – important variables in one’s desire and motivation to learn. ... In this regard, man cannot be considered as a mere vessel and receptacle of knowledge and experience. Discernment is required in order to effectively use the data and experience that people accumulate in order to identify truth from the fallacious. A person can examine oneself – his beliefs, values, thoughts and ideas – in various ways. The diversity in the approaches further shows how the self-examination guide and enhance our abilities to judge, decide and act. Besides self-evaluation and assessment, men can reflect on certain aspects of their acts and thoughts through conversation with other people or through the intercourse of the mind. Each mind has unique ways of acquiring and interpreting meanings. Reflections on one’s own conversation with others can help to examine and stimulate his capacity to be critical of one self and accepting of what is the truth. It is, hence, clear that without self-examination, a person would be ignorant and incapable to think a nd do what is right. In instances where this may not be true, his personal biases will cloud his ability to discern and acknowledge the truth. Unfortunately, this is aggravated by the tendency of ignorant men to become arrogant, which makes the whole affair tragic. Our circumstance might have changed since Socrates’ time. However, human nature is still the same – we are rational human being capable of rational judgments. People today just like the citizens of Athens cannot realize their full capacity to decide, choose and act correctly without self-knowledge. 8. Do you think that Hobbes is correct in denying that there is such a thing as free will? What was the basis

Themes Shown In A Country Doctor English Literature Essay

Themes Shown In A Country Doctor English Literature Essay A Country Doctor is a narration in which the main character, Franz (the country doctor), faces a number challenges and frustrations some of which are beyond his control. In the whole tale, Franzs Kafka is troubled by proceedings that are beyond his control. The surreal unfolding of the story by Kafka gives it a nightmarish eminence that is manifested at the commencement when two horses crawl out of the pigsty (Corder 26). The story A Country Doctor puts across a number of themes. The first defy that the doctor faces is that he has to attend to a patient so as to obtain transport for the reason that his personal horse died the preceding night. As the story unfolds, no one is eager to let him use his horse for such a trip and this makes him think very much. By saying distracted and tormented, I kicked my foot against the cracked door of the pig sty (Corder 29) Franz informs us that the doctor felt frustrated and betrayed by the society he is committed to serve, a society which should be willing to give him a helping hand. The second challenge the doctor is faced with is to surmount the stern weather. The doctor arrives to the patients farm after traveling through a storm of snow to attend him. As a result of the stern winter conditions, the doctors horse dies. As the story nears the conclusion, consequently the doctor doesnt arrive at his destination after having been dragged all the way through the snowy desert. The third challenge the doctor faces is that of urgent journey that he has to make across the country to respond to a call to see a very sick man several miles away. His efforts are frustrated because he has no means of travel. He does not know how to travel although he has a very suitable carriage for the journey, he is dressed up warmly for the weather, and he has his medicine bag. He has no horse to pull his carriage. He has sent his girl savant to try to borrow a horse from the village but she comes back empty handed because no one wants to expose his horse to such bad weather conditions as are prevailing at that time (Corder 22). The grooms issue posses the fourth challenge to the doctor. The doctor finds if difficult to deal with the groom. He is in a dilemma of whether to attend to his ailing patient or protecting Rosa, his house help, from the ill intentioned groom. Throughout the story he is tormented by thoughts of Rosa being exposed to danger after deciding to save his patient. Franzs story is a nightmare because the doctor differs from the other normal doctors in the bona fide world. Against the pragmatic society prospect, the story doesnt present anything of a country doctor. After briefly examining his patient the doctor comes to a conclusion that the patient has feigned illness so as to get communitys attention. A nightmare is an experience or event that is intensely distressing and may cause fear (Mifflin) hence the classification of Franz Kafkas A Country Doctor as one. This is proved when he kicks the pigsty and admits that he doesnt know what to do to get to his patient. The doctor fantasizes horses with long legs crawl out of pigsty. This is a clear diverge from the real world where the same may be vied as abstract. A major theme realized and brought out clearly in the story is placing blame on other people. The doctor place blame on others for his inadequacies. He blames his lack of a horse for inability to get to his patient. After getting to the patients home, he is brazed out by the genuineness of the patients illness but still blames the patient for lack of confidence besides believing that he is feigning illness. The doctors failure to get a horse from the neighbors can be owing to his poor liaison with them, but he insists that they are showing no gratitude and not ready to counter his good deeds to them. He places culpability for his reduced performance in his service to a predecessor who is robbing him off his line of work. The theme of fantasy is also brought out clearly in the story. The unanticipated emergence of the groom manifests this. It is like a leprechaun tale. The sudden grabbing and leaving of teeth marks on Rosas cheek gives rise to the question of whether the groom is a vampire. He also breaks down the entrance of the doctors quarters as the doctor is being carried away by the horses over which he has no command of. The horses too behave as you wouldnt expect, stopping on their own when they get to the house of the ailing man; waits for the doctor and then takes him away again, when he escapes from the bed of the sick man. There is also the size of the worms in the lesion at the side of the ailing man. These are themes that are seen as fantasy. There is also the place where the doctor is stripped naked and thrown into bed with the sick man. This is a flight of the imagination because it cannot come about in the daily practice of a doctors life. Lastly, the theme that is also explored in the story is opportunism. Opportunism is the actions of someone who takes every opportunity to gain an advantage and is willing to behave in unfair way (Mangat 889). The groom in the story appears with two horses at the time when the doctor is in dire need for one to enable him travel to his patients home. He grabs the chance to have Rosa for himself by allowing the doctor to use his horses for the journey. The doctor loves and takes is concerned about Rosa; nevertheless he has no option but to leave her in the hands of the cruel groom in substitute for the two horses. The doctor leaves for the patients farm signifying that the journey is unavoidable. The groom realizes this opportunity when the doctor says or Ill give up the journey, no matter how urgent it is, (Corder 33).

Are Zoos Unethical to Animals Essay

Recently, contentious debates have risen over the ethical dilemma that zoos pose regarding animals’ rights, freedoms and natural behavior. Many people consider zoos amoral and cruel while others have the notion that they are ethical because they help in research, conservation and proper treatment of wild animals. This sensitive topic has induced different reactions and sparked great debates as people strive to do the right thing. According to Tuyl (2008), Zoos are enclosed spaces and cages that abode animals. Hutchins and Keele (2006), argue that, zoos provide excellent conditions for wild animals, as they are liberated from their natural habitats, which are harsh and unforgiving. They argue that wild animals are better placed in the zoos because they are provided with free meals and a life that is free from parasites, and harsh weather and predators. However, there are various reasons that explain why zoos are unethical. This paper explains why zoos are unethical to animals. To confine wild animals in enclosed spaces, denies them freedom and the ability to develop their natural behaviors. In addition, zoos promote the transmission of zoonotic diseases (Tuyl, 2008). Therefore, concerning animal rights and freedoms, zoos are highly unethical and should be banned to endow wild animals with an opportunity to lead lives free from human interferences. It is amoral to keep animals in the zoos because they act as cages that retract the wild animals’ freedom. Various animal rights organizations advocate for the freedom of animals, a condition that is only attainable when they are in their natural habitats. Zoos act as prisons because of their small sizes and restraining the ability as compared to wild jungles, therefore, denying wild animals their freedom to roam and act naturally. It is unethical to keep wild animals locked up in a cage, especially in this era when people have realized that every living being should be allowed to have its freedom. All living beings are entitled to their rights. Wild animals have liberty to live in the jungles because that  is their natural habitat, which is a fundamental right. To take animals away from their usual environment and confine them in cages and enclosed spaces provided by the zoos is a complete violation of animal rights. This denies wild animals the chance to act naturally and engage in the relationships that nature intended for them. Wild animals are unable to lead quality lives when they are taken to the zoos (Jensen & Holmes, 2007). They infringe on animal rights due to restrictions, therefore, causing some wild animals such as elephants to develop depression because of detachment from their herds (Hutchins & Keele, 2006). Human beings should allow wild animals to live in their natural habitats, in the same m anner that no individual would love to be transferred from the comfort of their home and re-located into the jungle. People claiming that it is just to keep wild animals in the zoo have the notion that this action is purposeful for research and the conservation of endangered species. However, appropriate actions can be taken in the wild animals’ natural habitats, therefore, leading to better results. It is unethical for human beings to interfere with the lives of wild animals for research. It is inappropriate to transfer a wild animal from its habitat to study it. The results would be skewed because the animals’ natural behaviors would change with the changing environment. Human interference is also leading to the cause of animal extinction (Tuyl, 2008). Therefore, the appropriate and ethical action to take in the interest of extinction and research is to reduce human interference to obtain the best results regarding both issues. In conclusion, it is not ethical to keep wild animals in a zoo. As indicated in the paper, zoos interfere with the wild animals’ freedoms, rights and the ability to live naturally. Some people argue that zoos are helpful in animal conservation regarding endangered species, but it is also crucial to consider the main problem, which is human interference (Jensen & Holmes, 2007). Zoos are unethical to animals. References Hutchins, M., & Keele, M. (2006). Elephant importation from range countries: ethical and practical considerations for accredited zoos. Zoo Biology, 25(3), 219-233. Jensen, D., & Holmes, K. (2007). Thought to exist in the wild: awakening from the nightmare of zoos. Santa Cruz, CA: No Voice Unheard. Tuyl, C. (2008). Zoos and animal welfare. Detroit: Greenhaven Press.

Maaza Story Essay

1. Maaza story: the fruits of successful global brand The name Maaza denotes taste, enjoyment, represents diamond, in different languages and the brand Maaza has turned out to be a star performer across the region and beyond. The main ingredients for Maaza bottling are Natural Fruit Pulp, treated water, natural identical flavour and Vitamin C along with other food additives to balance the sweetness, taste & consistency of the beverage. 2. Maaza values: In our organization we create a healthy work environment enabling us to bring out the best from our employees and promote team work through mutual co-operation, pooling of resources, sharing of ideas and free expression of opinion. Our employees are totally committed to their goals and have independence and integrity in their evaluation and decision-making. 3. Maaza assurance: Maaza International is committed to provide the customers and franchisees competitive techno commercial services in its various field of expertise to achieve customer satisfaction at all levels of operation. We are committed to quality, integrity and excellence in whatever we do to meet our mission and achieve our Vision. We continuously improve the process through which we deliver our services and provide our staff with the training and tools necessary to contribute to our quality efforts. We strive to always review and evaluate our performance to guarantee the highest level of customer service. Our success is measured by the customer satisfaction and feedback. 4. Maaza Flavours: Even though the most popular drink is Maaza Mango, the other product range includes the Maaza Guava, Maaza Pineapple, Maaza Apple, Maaza Mix Fruit and Maaza Orange, the fruit pulp and concentrate to manufacture these being sourced from reputed manufactures from India, Europe and the Far East. The latest addition to our product range includes Maaza Bits, a juice drink with real fruit pieces. 5.Maaza world: Maaza Mango is a fruit juice based drink which contains an ideal combination of the famous Alphonso and Totapuri varieties of Mango pulp. The drink is formulated taking into consideration the nutritional and health aspects with a unique taste unparalleled by any other brand currently in the market. 6.Maaza family Maaza started initially with returnable glass bottles, was leader in innovated packaging solution and the first who developed PET bottles in Middle East. The aim of the company was to set up a modern soft drink bottling plant. Maaza has made its mark with diverse range of exotic juices. The drinks are packed in glass, cans, PET bottles and paper packs. 7.Maaza Advantage: perfect ingredient for a MOCKTAIL Being a fruit based juice drink, Maaza can be enjoyed in more ways than just a refreshing beverage. †¢ Perfect ingredient for a mocktail †¢ Tropical Ice cubes with Maaza †¢ The perfect blend for a fruit salad 8.Maaza Reach Today, Maaza has become the world’s favourite mango beverage brand and has won the hearts of millions of consumers for its quality and great taste. Maaza International Company acquired the rights for the MAAZA Brand name of juices with an expansive territory that covers a large part of the globe such as all of Africa, Eastern Europe, Middle East and Far East among the others. 9.Grow with Maaza: With a Maaza Franchise, you can connect with both young and old consumer across the world. Here’s an exclusive invitation to join the international Maaza by establishing your own franchise. Maaza International Co. under separate franchise agreement is presently dealing with various bottlers in different countries, granting them the rights to manufacture and distribute the drinks under the brand name MAAZA. The concentrates for manufacturing the drinks are supplied by Maaza International Co. under the above agreement. Technical assistance and periodic quality inspection by the Technical Representatives of the company are conducted regularly at the bottler’s factory to ensure that high quality and consistency of the drinks are maintained.

A Cigarette Butt is One Thing…

A Cigarette Butt is One Thing†¦ A Cigarette Butt is One Thing A Cigarette Butt is One Thing By Maeve Maddox In standard English usage, the word butt has numerous meanings as both a noun and a verb. The OED offers 14 entries for butt as a noun. The meanings vary from â€Å"barrel† to â€Å"a type of one-horse cart.† Perhaps the most common definition is a. The thicker end of anything, esp. of a tool or weapon, the part by which it is held or on which it rests; e.g. the lower end of a spear-shaft, whip-handle, fishing-rod, the broad end of the stock of a gun or pistol. Butt meaning â€Å"barrel† gives us the expression to be the butt of a joke. This use stems from the custom of setting up archery targets on barrels. The butt of a joke is the target of a joke. The meaning â€Å"remainder of a smoked cigarette† was first recorded in 1847. The sense of â€Å"human posterior† has been in use from 1450, but ancient use does not necessarily confer acceptability in standard speech. To my ears, butt as a word for the human posterior is for informal use, more or less on a par with bitch as used by some speakers as a generic term for â€Å"woman.† That’s why I was startled to hear it used in a television commercial the other night: Better legs and better butt with every step. To my ears the ads that use this phrase are more offensive than the ones with the baby bear who can’t wipe his bottom without leaving behind scraps of toilet paper. At least those ads use the word â€Å"bottom† for the anatomical area under discussion. In mulling over my reaction to this use of â€Å"butt† in an ad intended to be aired in every living room in America, I reviewed the many expressions in English that can be used to refer to a person’s backside. I’ve probably used them all at one time or another, but not indiscriminately. Some words for the human posterior seem to me to be acceptable in ordinary speech, no matter who is present. For example, rear backside bottom seat behind derrià ¨re posterior Some I’d use only if I felt some irritation with the person whose anatomy was being referred to. For example, butt hind end tail rump keister bum fanny (Caution: this one does NOT refer to the same bit of anatomy in British English as it does in American English.) ass (arse in British usage) Some words I’d reserve for moments of jocularity or perversity: buttocks cheeks booty tush buns heinie caboose fundament haunches gluteus maximus As a copywriter I might use â€Å"butt† in an ad to be placed in a specialized publication read by young people, but not for one intended to be run during national television prime time. It’s a generational thing, I’m sure. I hear plenty of young people use it as if it were perfectly acceptable in polite company. Still, advertisers might think twice about using it in ads intended for a general audience. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Greek Words You Should KnowDawned vs. DonnedCapitalizing Titles of People and Groups

Council of Trent Compare and Contrast E Essay Example

Council of Trent Compare and Contrast E Essay Example Council of Trent Compare and Contrast E Essay Council of Trent Compare and Contrast E Essay After the Council met, there was much less corruption in the church than before and new orders appeared to recruit people to Catholicism, but he Church did use torture and devastation to convert people to their religion Just as they always had. Before the Council met, pluralism, the selling of Indulgences, and absenteeism was fully allowed, but that would be forever changed. For example, Priests from state churches would often hold offices from many different churches. This was Illegal at the time; however, It was commonly overlooked. The Council of Trend decided to end pluralism which was partially the reason the catholic reformation began. Also, Pope Leo X allowed John Tested to sell indulgences to gain revenue to build SST. Palls Basilica. People thought they could pay a certain amount of money for a sin to be forgiven. This originally started Protestantism by Martin Luther. Trying to unite the different religions, the Council decided to also not allow this corrupt practice. Furthermore, Priests would often hire the common person to deliver the weekly sermon, paying them much less the Church is paying the priest. The community was then not getting a sermon given by Gods hand. Pope Paul Ill, whom started the Council, decided to remove this fraudulent act to reinstate harmony among not only the highly placed Lutheran, Catholics, and Calvinist but also the common peasants. The Church was full of scandal and foul play that angered many before the decisions of the Council changed the course of the Roman Catholic Church history. New orders and organizations were created to help many causes like education to raise their moral and intellectual levels with not only the clergy but also the common people. First, Angela Merit created the Ursine Order to educate future wives and mothers by opening schools. They hoped to re-Christianize the society. The papal used to believe in enclosure of women and no ministries until the Council and papal finally recognized the order showing the changing times. Next, Igniting Loyola created the Jesuit Order or the Society of Jesus which hoped to stop the spread of Protestantism. The members were called Jesuits, and they were deferent from regular monks because they actually traveled to countries to spread the world. This was a large step In the counter-reformation. Along with the Society of Jesus, Loyola wrote the Spiritual Exercises which men read on the spiritual retreats to learn methods on how to convert someone to Catholicism. This helped bring many recruitments and converted southern Germany and much of Eastern Europe back to cottontails. I revealing monolayers Ana caudate women were very modern Ideas that were created by the Council of Trend. The Church didnt change on one aspect which was using torture, destruction, and violence. For Example, the church, before the council, would often burn at the stake or get their heads chopped off if they disagreed with Catholic ways. If people refused to pay the Church taxes, they were sent to an inhumane fate. Moreover, the Council of Trend created the Congregation of the Holy Office which oversaw the inquisition. This was a special church court that combated heresy practicing Roman law Just like jack in the Renaissance. Roman law believes in very painful and gruesome ways to get information out of people. In this way, times had not changed at all. Lastly, the court published the Index of Forbidden Books which was a list of books not allowed. The church would take books and burn them if they had any Protestantism ideas in them or if they were written by Calvinist or Lutheran. They were still afraid of losing Catholicism as the main religion. The Catholic Church still hadnt changed with their torturous ways they used in the Medieval and Renaissance times. The Council of Trend did bring much change to the Catholic Church and in response, change in everyday lives of the people. The Church fixed their corruption, even though that wasnt exactly what the Council was convened for. People and clergy were morally and intellectually enlightened by the new orders from the court, but violence was still an issue Just as it had been centuries before. The evolution of Catholic policies are most drastically seen at the Council of Trend. The policies created with similarity to past ones while other policies were created to show the modern times ahead.

Santander Bank Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Santander Bank - Assignment Example Its main competitors are the Barclays bank, Royal Bank of Scotland and Standard Chartered Bank. Santander bank, however, stands out from the rest of the institutions as it offers savings accounts that are cost-effective and reliable to the customers. All these have both short term and long term benefits to the customers. This unique feature has made it have a wider market base that has, in turn, improved its profitability. Santander bank’s current business environment in the financial sector makes it suitable for my placement purposes. Being a business student, I believe that I will gain immensely from the practical experience that I will obtain from this bank. The experience will prepare me adequately in the business world in which I will be required to compete favorably with my competitors. Santander bank being such a successful bank I believe that I will be able to gather excellent lessons that I will make use of in the future. Santander Bank’s Business Activities Sa ntander bank offers banking and financial services to its customers. The services are broadly divided into two, which is, business and personal banking. Its target customer market comprises large business enterprises and individual investors. Some of the business segments of the bank are as follows: retail banking, asset management, global wholesale banking and insurance (Guillen & Tschoegl, 2008). The bank also takes part in the run-off real estate business of Spain in which it advances loans to its Spanish customers.

Human Rights Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Rights Law - Essay Example Human rights tend to be a very modern concept that primarily evolved after the World War II, in the aftermath of the gargantuan genocides and atrocities marking the Holocaust, leading to the adoption of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations at Paris in the year 1948. Hence the development of the European notion of human rights is a very recent phenomenon, unfolding after the secularization of Judeo-Christian ethics, which is still being extended legal and political legitimacy through relevant legal and statutory instruments. In that context, the English human rights law has evolved from the potent traditions pertaining to liberty and freedom existing in the English law and conventions as well as the apt developments taking place in a pan-European scenario.3 The UK law pertaining to human rights owes much to the European Convention of Human Rights. ... The primary objective that these classifications tend to achieve is to assure that under no circumstances a person is deprived of one’s liberty in a manner that is arbitrary.5 The quintessential spirit of Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights is to safeguard the individuals from such actions of the state that may be deemed to be unlawful and unexplainable. Yet, in the same breath, Article 5 tends to acknowledge that the scope of liberty could not be extended to the limits of absolute.6 Thus, in the remaining part, Article 5 attempts to enumerate the conditions and circumstances that justify the lawful restraints on the liberty of a person. Yet, each of the exceptions mentioned in Article 5 are subject to accruing legitimacy on the existence of reviews by the independent bodies of opinion. Hence, it is in totality, when one observes these twin ramifications of Article 5 that one could not help acknowledging the possibility of violations arising from faulty or int entional interpretations and applications of Article 5. The Human Rights Act 1998 of the United Kingdom was a direct initiation of the spirit for human dignity and liberty ushered in by the European Convention for Human Rights at a local level.7 The Human Rights Act 1998 came into application and force in the year 2000. The very purpose of this Act was to infiltrate in to the British Law, the rights upheld and supported by the European Convention on Human Rights. This Act lay to rest the requirement for approaching the European Court of Human Rights located at Strasbourg, by extending a remedy for the violation of Convention Rights, within the United Kingdom law. This Act makes it unlawful for a public body in the United Kingdom to act

Interest of the United States of America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Interest of the United States of America - Essay Example Whereas Theodore Roosevelt, Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger are usually remembered as having viewed foreign policy primarily as a tool for the use in the pursuit f power and national interests. Realism in its most concentrated form argues that the head f state should solely be interested in achieving things which will further national interests, with complete disregard for things like human rights if they don't directly contribute to this achievement. A common explanation for the realist way f thinking is concisely put when it is stated that, 'leaders must deal with the world the way it is, not as they would wish it to be. The key assumptions f realism say that; states are the main components f the international system and that these states are motivated and ought to be motivated by their own interests and the search for power. It is also assumed that; the balance f power is imperative to international stability and that relations between states should be trying to obtain this international balance f power, not to change other states policies. (Ikenberry 2006) During the presidential debate f 11th f October 2000, when George W. Bush was asked to speak about what the guidin g principle for his foreign policy would be, he took a classic realist line: "The first question is what's in the best interest f the United States What's in the best interest f our people When it comes to foreign policy that will be my guiding question. Is it in our nation's interests" A true realist will oppose giving 'moral' concerns priority over foreign policy objectives. They object to what is often seen by other states as unwanted 'medalling' in idealist approaches to foreign policy, as there are both practical and political difficulties when intervening in the domestic affairs f other states. Interference in the internal affairs f another state is seen as an infringement f its sovereignty. This sort f behaviour would only make the USA unpopular in the wider world and this does not serve American interests, in fact it would obstruct its ability to pursue them. In realist terms humanitarianism is an often-unaffordable luxury, as is the ability to only align themselves with states f common moral and political beliefs. However the practice f power politics cannot often oblige. The USA has in the past been willing to support extreme right-wing regimes, even when they are known to be violators f human rights, so long as the regime was pro-America, or at least anti - communist, (the 'lesser f two evils' strategy). It can be summarised in one sentence; the world must be taken as it is found and statesmen should stay faithful to moral principles where possible but must always be willing to bend these principles when necessary to protect the interests f the state. Modern day realism tends to reject the multilateral approach to action, as favoured by the Clinton administration. It is unclear, however, if this change in favour f American unilateralism will be a lasting one. (Mead 2007) Pure idealism argues that one should take the moral route under all circumstances, regardless f the effect it has on the states national interests. Idealism is motivated by the key assumptions that; the state is only one f the

DMC Review Papers Essay Example for Free

DMC Review Papers Essay As Mr. Grant, CEO of DMC has realized, the current growth strategy of the company is insufficient. DMC needs to identify their primary business problems and prepare a new or revised strategy with alternative tactics to address it. Even though DMC had grown to become a multi-billion dollar company and consistently ranked in the top five in their industry, DMC’s returns between 2008 and 2012 showed great profits and loss swings unpredictably. These ranged from a net income loss of $1.5 billion in 2008, . 9 billion in 2009, to a profit of $1.9 billion in 2010, $1.7 billion in 2011 then a loss of 1 billion in net income in 2012, the most recent year. (Table 1) Despite of the up-side-down net income and over $3 billion in long-term debt, DMC was able to make financial arrangements for a line of credit of from $500 million to nearly $2 billion to finance potential acquisitions of major competitors whose financial situations made them available. DMC’s top management team is well aware that a major change in strategy causes other changes. This also causes each manager concerned how his/her own area will change, even while they all know they have to help determine a direction that is the best overall choice for the company. They are well aware that the current growth strategy is insufficient. Top management team also need to consider whether or not a chosen target segment is profitable enough to pursue, and how these changes might influence manufacturing, supply chain, and personnel. Depending upon future direction, there will likely be an impact on information system as well. While IT is a progressive management team who is always willing to implement technical solutions to expedite product development and sales, their budget has been constrained along with all departments over the course of recent recession and the variability of returns to the company. Finance and accounting remain concerned about cash flow demands a nd financial activity for major company undertakings. HR knows from experience that major change can have a significant impact on staffing and morale. Besides company own business problems, DMC also faces industry’s issues as well. In the highly volatile electronics industry, international competition put pressure on the way DMC traditionally did business, including with whom, where, and at what price levels. Their ability to respond rapidly to market change is always difficult, based upon the nature of the product and the heavy investment required for future technologies. As a result, development costs continue to rise while sale margins have dropped steadily. In their industry, innovation is not an option, but an absolute necessity and maintaining a competitive advantage and building market share comes slowly and only to the best and smartest companies. DMC needs to consider the selling to wholesale distributor, particularly VAR. The VAR group always has irregular demand, as they react to the supply chain cycle of their small manufacturing customers and budget cycles for equipment upgrade customers. This segment is highly price sensitive, demanding attractive discounts and low delivery costs. Because of their reactions to the change in the market, DMC will be affected as numbers of demand increase or decrease irregularly, increasing unit cost of production. Now with DMC’s business problems, including within industry problems, have been issued they need a new or revised strategy, which, obviously, would lead to the best overall outcomes. With the problem of net income up and down dramatically and COGS as percentage of sales being a large number affecting net income, DMC needs to find a way to prove selling. They need a more effective way to sell product. Besides, new product development is always important to DMC. The founders believed that the experience of an entrepreneurial driver or team had to start from scratch and create success. They did not believe the future evolved from forecasting or planning in the technology world. The company identified outstanding managers coming up through the ranks, selected a few each year, and gave each $5 million to â€Å"make something happen.† With three or four new product efforts each year, they recognized most might fail, but hoped the winners would make up for the losers. With that in mind, DMC tries to create the own personal computer and touch screen products. It might fail  most of the time but it only needs one success to build up the brand and the future direc tion of the company. DMC really needs to take direct sales to the end user customer into consideration. Even though the Business-to-consumer (B2C) is not common in the electronic components industry, it is well worth the try. After an informal meeting with VP of IT, CEO Grant understands the possibility of moving into B2C without a large capital outlay if they could allocate some dedicated programming time to the project. There are still some concerns over the fact that the sales team would have to be heavily involved in any project like this and smaller orders would not be cost effective and would require too much support for product selection. However, the IT team’s view of sales on the web was that it could a relatively automated process, with a built-in digital configurator tool to help customers choose the right parts with minimal human intervention overall. With the B2C on the line, DMC can seriously consider cutting wholesale distributor like VAR. They not only can save the dollars-turn in every product but also avoid the irregular demand from VAR. With the B2C interface, DMC has the advantage knowing what customers need and the way they thinking. DMC can react quickly to market change and therefore save a lot of money in cost of unit production. B2C e-commerce has a lot of advantages in the business world nowadays. By using B2C, DMC can easily reach worldwide market with unlimited volume of customers. They also can display information, pictures, and prices of products or services without spending a fortune on colorful advertisements. By reducing the cost of advertisements, DMC can save a lot of money and use that to spend for new product development and make up the cost of changing strategies toward each functional division effectively. In some cases, B2C e-commerce makes order processing an easier task than before. With that, DMC als o can save up a lot of cost production and use that to make the selling more effective. One of the biggest advantages of B2C e-commerce is that DMC can operate on decreased, little, or even no overhead. Also, as VP of manufacturing Bret Hendricks expresses, DMC manufactured  division already do a great job of controlling costs and improving processes. He strongly feels his group cannot achieve any more efficiencies from the manufacturing lines unless they do a major overhaul and replace some of the manufacturing systems. With the strong competition from foreign suppliers who receiving funding from government, DMC really needs to find a way to make the manufacturing processes strongly effective. That should be done even it takes a great cost and time to do a major change. In the financial aspect, DMC has been good of negotiating deals with the company’s line credit to create resource and capital for the company major moves like acquisitions and mergers. However, the financial team needs to work on more areas to explore to lower general operating expenses that create problems for the bottom line. The idea of direct sales floating around is very promising. This can create pricing to wash any increased handling costs and significantly exceed the margin offered to their larger wholesale customers to make the new venture worthwhile. However, the difficulty lies on calculating ROI on any type of IT project. There were many variables and intangible benefits to consider. Lastly, if DMC is going to do a major change in strategy, they need to consider the large expenses of doing so. One of the major changes can be made is that DMC might consider insourcing. While outsourcing saves money in the short term, over the long run the company may suffer from not having a large enough employee pool to promote from in certain areas. The IT division of DMC has been doing well over the past. They need to continue to do so and try to explore in some new Business Intelligence tools. That includes the process of running the electronic commerce site. The IT team is a talented team, VP of IT division could try to create things that keep them motivated and create more ideas to help the company’s success. Overall, the main business problems of DMC is their ineffective selling led to dramatically up and down income and their COGS being a large number affecting sales; the functional division that requires lot of things in order to create a change in strategy, this includes cost, time and human resources; management problems of choosing a right market segment; DMC’s  problems within the industry such as international competition, the adaption of market changes response and the increase of development cost. However, DMC also has many opportunities and advantages such as the ability to deal with financial institution with credit card in order to have capital preparing for acquisitions or merger. They also have a good IT team, manufacturing process and talented human resources. DMC already established their reputation as one of the dominant computer component manufacturers in the world. Recommendation for DMC is that they should consider creating a major change in strategy and manufacturing process to make the company sales more effective. In order to do so, they would need to prepare a brief and careful plan because it requires much of cost and time involving all of the company divisions. DMC also needs to invent and explore more to create new products and choose the right market segment. They need to find a way to deal with international competition’s pressure and respond quickly to market change. COGS as percentage of sales needs to be adjusted so that the net income and sales of the company don’t be affected in a wrong way. Lastly, because DMC has problems with market changing and wholesale distributor’s irregular demands, they should seriously consider starting B2C e-commerce. The advantages of B2C e-commerce could really change the status of the company and make sales and manufacturing process more effective.

Vegetarian Diet: Health Benefits of Vegetarianism Essay -- Healthy Life

Many Americans are eating unhealthy diets in the typical American style characterized by lack of moderation. This average diet is defined by high contents of red meat and other fatty foods. Eating these types of food, and the following factor of being overweight, can lead to heart disease and other health problems. A vegetarian lifestyle, on the other hand, limits the intake of meat and other fatty animal products and is known to confer a wide range of health benefits. However, there are many different types of vegetarianism. First, there is the semi vegetarian, who is someone who simply limits meat intake to some degree, the lacto-ovovegetarian, who cuts out all meat, but not animal products such as cheese and eggs, and then the vegan, who chooses not to eat any animal products or byproducts such as honey or gelatin. Each type of vegetarianism has specific benefits, all of which outweigh the benefits of the average American’s diet. I am going to look primarily at the benefits of the lacto-ovovegetarian lifestyle. By eating this type of diet, Americans can balance out their food intake with more fruits, vegetables, and grains and create a diet that is healthier overall. A typical vegetarian diet closely matches expert dietary recommendations for healthy eating, being low in saturated fat and high in fiber, complex carbohydrates, and fresh fruit and vegetables (VSUK). A more balanced diet leads to a healthier lifestyle and a longer, happier life. Therefore, more Americans should be eating a vegetarian diet, specifically a lacto-ovovegetarian style. It must be noted that simply changing to a meatless diet will not necessarily create a healthier, happier lifestyle. A vegetarian diet still has unhealthy components that must be avoi... ...clude careful, complex planning to reduce the risks of the most prevalent diseases. If Americans would simply start by cutting red meat out of their diets and then from there finding a point on the scope of vegetarianism where they are comfortable, overall health in this country would improve. This could be started with something as simple as eating one vegetable oriented meal a week and slowly spread out until all meals are oriented around vegetables, fruits, and grains instead of a main dish of meat. By eating in this manner Americans can start to create a healthier living style and learn moderation. Bibliography *Journal of the American Dietetic Association, November 1993, Volume 93, Number 11 *Techline Vegetarian Facts, users.techline.com *The Vegetarian Society (VSUK), www.vegsoc.org *Yahoo Health-Diseases and Conditions, health.yahoo.com/health

Privatization vs Public Sector

What is privatization? It is the process of transferring ownership of a  business, enterprise, agency, public service or public property from the  public sector  (a government) to the  private sector, either to a business that operates for a profit or to a  non-profit organization. The term can also mean government outsourcing  of services or functions to private firms, What is public sector undertaking? In India, public sector undertaking (PSU) is a term used for a government-owned corporation (company in the public sector). From my point of view, privatization is going to be a remedy for the financial ailments of our public sector undertaking.Let’s discuss some factors about these two types of organizations. 1. Performance. Public sector undertaking tends to be  bureaucratic. A political government may only be motivated to improve a function when its poor performance becomes politically sensitive. 2. Increased efficiency. Private companies and firms have a grea ter incentive to produce more  goods and services  for the sake of reaching  customer satisfaction  and hence increasing profits. A public organization would not be as productive due to the lack of financing allocated by the entire government's budget that must consider other areas of the economy. . Specialization. A private  business  has the ability to focus all relevant human and financial resources onto specific functions. A public sector undertaking does not have the necessary resources to  specialize  its goods and services as a result of the general products provided to the greatest number of people in the  population. 4. Corruption. A public sector undertaking is prone to  corruption; decisions are made primarily for political reasons, personal gain of the decision-maker, rather than economic ones.Corruption in a public sector undertaking affects the ongoing asset stream and company performance, whereas any corruption that may occur during the privatizati on process is a one-time event and does not affect ongoing cash flow or performance of the company. 5. Accountability. Managers of privately owned companies are accountable to their owners/shareholders and to the consumer, and can only exist and thrive where needs are met. Managers of publicly owned companies are required to be more accountable to the broader community and to political â€Å"stakeholders†.This can reduce their ability to directly and specifically serve the needs of their customers, and can bias investment decisions away from otherwise profitable areas. 6. Goals. A political government tends to run an industry or company for  political  goals rather than  economic  ones. 7. Capital. Privately held companies can sometimes more easily raise investment capital in the financial markets. public sector undertaking industries have to compete with demands from other government departments and special interests. 8. Lack of market discipline.Poorly managed publi c sector undertaking companies are insulated from the same discipline as private companies, which could go bankrupt, have their management removed, or be taken over by competitors. Publicly owned enterprises in competitive environments would not perform better than privately owned companies in the same circumstances in terms of profitability, Privatization reduces the net transfer to public sector undertaking from government as unnecessary subsidies. These transfers become positive if the government actually starts collecting taxes from privatized firms. Thank you.